勿忘归途
1. Li P, Song AL, Li ZJ, Fan FL, Liang YC. 2011. Silicon ameliorates manganese toxicity by regulating manganese transport and antioxidant reactions in rice (Oryza sativa L.). Plant and Soil. (Accepted)(通讯作者)(影响因子:)2. Fan FL, Yang QB, Li ZJ, Wei D, Cui XA, Liang YC. 2011. Impacts of organic and inorganic fertilizers on nitrification in a cold climate soil are linked to the bacterial ammonia oxidizer community. Microbial Ecology. 62:982-990(通讯作者)(影响因子:)3. Zhang B, Chu GX, Wei CZ, Ye J, Li ZQ, Liang YC. 2011. The growth and antioxidant defense responses of wheat seedlings to omethoate stress. Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology. 100: 273-279 (通讯作者)(影响因子:)4. Su YH, Liang YC. 2011. Transport via xylem of atrazine, 2,4-dinitrotoluene, and 1,2,3-trichlorobenzene in tomato and wheat seedlings. Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology. 100: 284-288(影响因子:)5. Song AL, Li P, Li ZJ, Fan FL, Nikolic M, Liang YC. 2011. The alleviation of zinc toxicity by silicon is related to zinc transport and antioxidative reactions in rice. Plant and Soil. 344: 319-333. (通讯作者)(影响因子:)6. Li ZJ, Xie XY, Zhang SQ, Liang YC. 2011. Wheat growth and photosynthesis as affected by oxytetracycline as a soil contaminant. Pedosphere. 21(2): 244–250(通讯作者)7. Sun WC, Zhang J, Fan QH, Xue GF, Li ZJ, Liang YC 2010. Silicon-enhanced resistance to rice blast is attributed to silicon-mediated defence resistance and its role as physical barrier. European Journal of Plant Pathology. 128:39-49 (通讯作者)(影响因子:)8. Ge GF, Li ZJ, Fan FL, Chu GX, Hou ZA, Liang YC. 2010. Soil biological activity and their seasonal variations in response to long-term application of organic and inorganic fertilizers. Plant and Soil. 326:31–44(通讯作者)(影响因子:)9. Liang YC, Zhu Y-G, Smith FA, Lambers H. 2010. Soil-plant interactions and sustainability of eco-agriculture in arid region: a crucially important topic to address. Plant and Soil. 326:1–2(通讯作者)(影响因子:)10. Wakelin SA, Chu GX, Lardner R, Liang YC, McLaughlin MJ. 2009. A single application of Cu to field soil has long-term effects on bacterial community structure, diversity, and soil processes. Pedobiologia 53:149-158 (影响因子:)11. Wakelin SA, Chu GX, Broos K, Clarke KR, Liang YC, McLaughlin MJ. 2010. Structural and functional response of soil microbiota across a Cu gradient are moderated by addition of plant substrate. Biology and Fertility of Soils 46:333-342 (影响因子:)12. Song AL, Li ZJ, Zhang J, Xue GF, Fan FL, Liang YC. 2009. Silicon-enhanced resistance to cadmium toxicity in Brassica chinensis L. is attributed to Si-suppressed cadmium uptake and transport and Si-enhanced antioxidant defense capacity. Journal of Hazardous Materials. 172:74-83 (通讯作者)(影响因子:)13. Zhang J, Sun WC, Li ZJ, Liang YC, Song AL. 2009. Cadmium fate and tolerance in rice cultivars. Agronomy for Sustainable Development. 29: 483-490 (通讯作者)(影响因子:)14. Chen WP, Hou ZA, Wu LS, Liang YC, Wei CZ. 2009. Effects of salinity and nitrogen on cotton growth in arid environment. Plant and Soil. 326:61–73(通讯作者)(影响因子:)15. Guo B, Liang YC, Li ZJ and Han FX, 2009. Phosphorus adsorption and bio-availability in a paddy soil amended with pig manure compost and decaying rice straw. Communications in Soil Science & Plant Analysis. 40: 2185-2199(通讯作者)(影响因子:)16. Ma YB, Li JM, Li XY, Tang X, Liang YC, Huang SM, Wang BR, Liu H, Yang XY. 2009. Phosphorus accumulation and depletion in soils in wheat-maize cropping systems: modeling and validation. Field Crops Research. 110:207-212 (影响因子:)17. Guo B, Liang YC, Zhu YG. 2009. Does salicylic acid regulate antioxidant defense system, cell death and cadmium uptake and partitioning to acquire cadmium tolerance in rice subjected to cadmium stress? Journal of Plant Physiology, 166: 20-31 (通讯作者)(影响因子:)18. Su YH, Zhu YG and Liang YC. 2009. Interactions of mixed organic contaminants in uptake by rice seedlings, Chemosphere, 74: 890-895(通讯作者)(影响因子:)19. Ge GF, Li ZJ, Zhang J, Wang LG, Xu MG, Zhang JB, Xie XL, Wang JK, Liang YC. 2009. Geographical and climatic differences in long-term effect of organic and inorganic amendments on soil enzymatic activities and respiration in field experimental stations of China. Ecological Complexity. 6: 421-431(通讯作者)(影响因子:)20. Zhang J, Li ZJ, Ge GF, Liang YC, Wu LS. 2009. Impacts of soil organic matter, pH and exogenous copper on sorption behavior of norfloxacin in three soils. Journal of Environmental Sciences. 21: 632–640(通讯作者)(影响因子:)21. Wang LG, Liang YC, Jiang X. 2008. Analysis of eight organophosphorus pesticide residues in fresh vegetables retailed in agricultural product markets of Nanjing, China. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 81(4):377-382(影响因子:)22. Liang YC, Zhu J, Li ZJ, Chu GX, Ding YF, Zhang J, Sun WC. 2008. Role of silicon in enhancing resistance to freezing stress in two contrasting winter wheat cultivars. Environmental and Experimental Botany,64(3): 286-294 (通讯作者)(影响因子:)23. Sun YH, Li ZJ, Guo B, Chu GX, Wei CZ, Liang YC. 2008. Arsenic mitigates cadmium toxicity in rice seedlings. Environmental and Experimental Botany, 64(3): 264-270(通讯作者)(影响因子:)24. Liang YC. 2008. Silicon uptake and transport in higher plants. In: Plant membrane and vacuolar transporters. Jaiwal ., Singh ., and Dhankher . (eds). CAB International, Wallingford, Oxfordshire, OX10 8DE, United Kingdom. pp. . Nikolic M, Nikolic N, Liang YC, Kirkby EA, Römheld V. 2007. Germanium-68 as an adequate tracer for silicon transport in plants: Characterization of silicon uptake in different crop species. Plant Physiology, 143 (1): 495-503(前三位作者同等贡献)(影响因子:)26. Liang YC, Sun WC, Zhu YG, and Christie P. 2007. Mechanisms of silicon- mediated alleviation of abiotic stresses in higher plants: A review. Environmental Pollution, 147: 422-428(影响因子:)(通讯作者)27. Guo B, Liang YC, Zhu YG and Zhao FJ. 2007. Role of salicylic acid in alleviating oxidative damage in rice roots (Oryza sativa) subjected to cadmium stress. Environmental Pollution, 147(3): 743-749(通讯作者)(影响因子:)28. Guo B, Liang YC, Li ZJ, and Guo W. 2007. Role of salicylic acid in alleviating cadmium toxicity in rice roots. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 30(3): 427 - 439(通讯作者)(影响因子:)29. Kong WD, Zhu YG, Liang YC, Zhang J, Smith FA and Yang M. 2007. Uptake of oxytetracycline and its phytotoxicity to alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.). Environmental Pollution, 147:187-193 (影响因子:)30. Guo W, Zhu YG, Liu WJ, Liang YC, Geng CN, Wang SG. 2007. Is the effect of silicon on rice uptake of arsenate (AsV) related to internal silicon concentrations, iron plaque and phosphate nutrition? Environmental Pollution, 148: 251-257 (影响因子:)31. Liang YC, Hua H. Zhu Y-G, Zhang J, Cheng C and Römheld V. 2006. Importance of plant species and external silicon concentration to active silicon uptake and transport. New Phytologist, 172(1):63-72 (影响因子:)32. Liang YC, Zhang WH, Chen Q, Liu YL and Ding RX. 2006. Effect of exogenous silicon (Si) on H+-ATPase activity, phospholipids and fluidity of plasma membrane in leaves of salt-stressed barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). Environmental and Experimental Botany, 57(3): 212-219 (影响因子:)33. Liang YC, Zhu YG , Xia Y, Li ZJ and Ma YB. 2006, Iron plaque enhances phosphorus uptake by rice (Oryza sativa) growing under varying phosphorus and iron concentrations. Annals of Applied Biology, 149(3):305-312(影响因子:)(通讯作者)34. Liang YC, Si J, and Römheld V. 2005. Silicon uptake and transport is an active process in Cucumis sativus L. New Phytologist, 167(3):797-804(影响因子:)35. Liang YC, Sun WC, Si J and Römheld V. 2005. Effect of foliar- and root-applied silicon on the enhancement of induced resistance in Cucumis sativus to powdery mildew. Plant Pathology, 54:678-685(影响因子:)36. Liang YC, Si J, Nikolic M, Peng Y, Chen W and Jiang Y. 2005. Organic manure stimulates biological activity and barley growth in soil subject to secondary salinization. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 37: 1185-1195.(影响因子:)37. Liang YC, Wong JWC, and Wei L. 2005. Silicon-mediated enhancement of cadmium tolerance in maize (Zea mays L.) grown in cadmium contaminated soil. Chemosphere, 58(4): 475-483. (影响因子:)38. Liang YC, Zhang WH, Chen Q and Ding RX. 2005. Effects of silicon on tonoplast H+-ATPase and H+-PPase activity, fatty acid composition and fluidity in roots of salt-stressed barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). Environmental and Experimental Botany, 53(1): 29-37.(影响因子:)39. 姚建华,牛德奎,李兆君,梁永超,张树清,2010. 抗生素土霉素对小麦根际土壤酶活性和微生物生物量的影响, 中国农业科学,4340. 薛高峰,梁永超,孙万春,宋阿琳,李兆君,范分良,2010. 硅对水稻生长、白叶枯病抗性及病程相关蛋白活性的影响, 中国农业科学,43 (通讯作者)41. 薛高峰, 宋阿琳, 孙万春, 李兆君, 范分良, 梁永超, 2010.硅对水稻叶片抗氧化酶活性的影响及其与白叶枯病抗性的关系. 植物营养与肥料学报,16(通讯作者)42. 杨佳佳, 李兆君, 梁永超, 张林静, 李万峰, 2009. 温度和水分对不同施肥条件下黑土磷形态转化的影响及机制 , 植物营养与肥料学报,15 (6): 1295-130243. 范琼花, 孙万春, 李兆君, 梁永超, 2009, 硅对短期低温胁迫小麦叶片光合作用及其主要相关酶的影响,植物营养与肥料学报,15:544-550(通讯作者)44. 孙万春,薛高峰,张杰,范琼花,葛高飞,李兆君,梁永超,2009,硅对水稻病程相关蛋白活性和酚类物质含量的影响及其与诱导抗性的关系,植物营养与肥料学报,15:756-762(通讯作者)45. 孙万春,薛高峰,张杰,宋阿琳,葛高飞,李兆君,梁永超,2009,硅对水稻防御性关键酶活性的影响及其与抗稻瘟病的关系,植物营养与肥料学报,15:1023-1028(通讯作者)46. 姚志鹏,李兆君,梁永超,张永清,姚建华,解晓瑜,2009,土壤酶活性对土壤中土霉素的动态响应,植物营养与肥料学报,15:695-700(通讯作者)47. 李兆君,徐建明,梁永超,汪海珍,马国瑞,2008,甲磺隆结合残留对土壤酶活性的影响,生态毒理学报,3:499-50648. 李兆君,姚志鹏,张杰,梁永超,2008,兽用抗生素在土壤环境中的行为及其生态毒理效应研究进展,生态毒理学报,3:15-20(通讯作者)49. 纪雄辉,梁永超,鲁艳红,廖育林,聂军,郑圣先,李兆君,2007,污染稻田水分管理对水稻吸收积累镉的影响及其作用机理,生态学报,27(9): 3930-3939(通讯作者)50. 万小羽,梁永超,李忠佩,宋阿琳,娄运生,2007.种植转Bt基因抗虫棉对土壤生物学活性的影响, 生态学报,27(12): 5414-542051. 朱佳, 梁永超*,丁燕芳,李兆君,2006,硅对低温胁迫下冬小麦幼苗光合作用及相关生理特性的影响,中国农业科学,39(9):1780-1788(通讯作者)52. 丁燕芳,梁永超*,朱佳,李兆君,2007,硅对干旱胁迫下小麦幼苗生长及光合参数的影响,植物营养与肥料学报,13:471-478(通讯作者)53. 李平远,娄运生,梁永超*,李兆君,2006,CO2体积分数升高对污染土壤中Cu、Cd形态分布及其生物活性的影响,环境科学学报,26(12)2018-2025(通讯作者)54. 张杰,梁永超,娄运生,华海霞,2005, 镉胁迫对两个水稻品种幼苗光合参数、可溶性糖和植株生长的影响 植物营养与肥料学报 11(6) : 774-780. (通讯作者)55. 华海霞,梁永超*, 娄运生, 张杰, 2005, 水稻硅吸收动力学参数固定方法的研究,植物营养与肥料学报,12:358-36256. 杨超光,豆虎,梁永超,娄运生,2005,硅对土壤外源镉活性和玉米吸收镉的影响,中国农业科学,38(1):122-127.(通讯作者)57. 张敏,王校常,严蔚东,梁永超,施卫明,2005,盐胁迫下转Bt 基因棉的K+ 、Na + 转运及SOD 活性的变化,土壤学报,42(3): . 朱晓军,梁永超,杨劲松,娄运生,2005, 钙对盐胁迫下水稻幼苗抗氧化酶活性和膜脂过氧化作用的影响,土壤学报,42(3): 453-459(通讯作者)59. 朱晓军,杨劲松,梁永超,娄运生,杨晓英,2004, 盐胁迫下钙对水稻幼苗光合作用及相关生理特性的影响,中国农业科学,37(10):1497-150360. Lou YS Li ZP Zhang TL and Liang YC. 2004. CO2 emissions from subtropical arable soils of China. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 36(11): 1835-1842.(影响因子:)61. Liang YC, Hu F, Yang MC and Yu JH. 2003. Antioxidative defenses and water deficit-induced oxidative damage in rice (Oryza sativa L.) growing on non-flooded paddy soils with ground mulching. Plant and Soil, 257(2): 407-416. (影响因子:)62. Liang YC, Chen Q, Liu Q, Zhang WH and Ding RX. 2003. Exogenous silicon (Si) increases antioxidant enzyme activity and reduces lipid peroxidation in roots of salt-stressed barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). Journal of Plant Physiology, 160: 1157-1164. (影响因子:)63. Liang YC, Yang YF, Yang CG, Shen QR, Zhou JM, and Yang LZ. 2003. Soil enzymatic activity and growth of rice and barley as influenced by organic manure in an anthropogenic soil. Geoderma, 115:149-160. (影响因子:)64. Lou YS, Liang YC and Yang YA. 2003. Effects of fertilization on plant growth and nutrient uptake in oilseed rape under varying boron supply. Commun. Soil Sci. Plant Anal. 34(7&8): 1059-1075(影响因子:)65. 杨艳芳,梁永超,娄运生,2003,硅对小麦过氧化物酶、超氧化物歧化酶和木质素的影响及其与抗白粉病的关系,中国农业科学,36(7):813-817. (通讯作者)66. 梁永超,丁瑞兴,2002, 硅对大麦根系中离子的微域分布的影响及其与大麦耐盐性的关系. 中国科学(C缉),32(2): 113-121. (影响因子:)67. 梁永超,孙万春,2002,硅和诱导接种对黄瓜炭疽病的抗性研究,中国农业科学,35(3): . 孙万春,梁永超, 2002,硅和接种炭疽菌对黄瓜过氧化物酶活性的影响及其与抗病性的关系,中国农业科学, 35(6): 1560-1564. (通讯作者)69. 夏瑶,娄运生,杨超光,梁永超, 2002, 几种水稻土对磷的吸附与解吸特性研究, 中国农业科学35(5):1369-1374. (通讯作者)70. Liang YC, Yang CG and Shi HH. 2001. Effects of silicon on growth and mineral composition of barley grown under toxic levels of aluminium. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 24(2): 229-243. (影响因子:)71. Wu LH, Zhu ZR, Liang YC and Zhang FS. 2001, Plastic film mulching cultivation: a new technology for resource saving water N fertiliser and reduced environmental pollution. In: Host W J et al. (eds.), Plant nutrition—Food security and sustainability of agro-ecosystems. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers. . 梁永超,胡锋,沈其荣,吴良欢,吕世华,张福锁,2000,水稻覆膜旱作研究现状与展望,见《植物营养研究---进展与展望》,冯锋、张福锁、杨新泉主编,中国农业大学出版社,. Liang YC, 1999. Effects of silicon on enzyme activity, and sodium, potassium and calcium concentration in barley under salt stress. Plant and Soil, 209(2): 217-224.(影响因子:)74. 梁永超,胡锋,杨茂成,朱遐亮,王广平,王永乐,1999,水稻覆膜旱作高产节水机理研究,中国农业科学,32(1): . 梁永超,丁瑞兴,刘谦,1999,硅对大麦耐盐性的影响及其机制,中国农业科学,32(6): . 梁永超,沈其荣,张爱国,沈振国,1999,钙、硅对酸雨胁迫下小麦生长和养分吸收的影响,应用生态学报,10(5):589-59277. Wang HL, Li CH, and Liang YC. 1999, Chapter 21, Agricultural utilization of silicon in China, In: Datnoff et al., (eds.), Studies in Plant Science, 8. Silicon In Agriculture, Elsevier, pp. 343-35278. Liang YC, Zhang YC, Yin SX and Yang MC. 1998. Feasibility of using trichloroacetic acid soluble silicon as a diagnostic index for silicon deficiency in rice. Pedosphere, 8(1): 21-2679. Liang YC, 1998, Effects of silicon on leaf ultrastructure, chlorophyll content and photosynthetic activity of barley under salt stress. Pedosphere, 8 (4): . Liang YC, Shen QR and Shen . Effects of silicon on salinity tolerance of two barley cultivars. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 19(1): 173-183. (影响因子:)81. Liang YC, and Shen ZG. 1994. Interaction of silicon and boron in oilseed rape plants. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 17(2&3): 415-425. (影响因子:)82. Liang YC, Ma TS, Li FJ and Feng YJ. 1994. Silicon availability and response of rice and wheat to silicon in calcareous soils. Commun. Soil Sci. Plant Anal. 25(13&14): 2285-2297. (影响因子:)83. Shen ZG. Shen QR, Liang YC and Liu YL. 1994. Effect of nitrogen on the growth and photosynthetic activity of salt-stressed barley. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 17(5): 787-799. 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燕园小西
人类认识、研究和防治植物病害远在人、畜病害之后。人类注意害虫对农作物的为害也比病害早。因为在显微镜发明之前,人们用肉眼看不见为害农作物的微生物。
在古代,由于生产水平低下,人类对自然的认识和改造能力极其有限。往往幻想是超自然的神灵在主宰自然现象的变化。认为植物病害是人们的罪孽使上帝发怒或日月星辰移位所致。这种神学观念统治长达2000年之久。
自18世纪后期,许多科学家冲破宗教信念的束缚,对植物病害的本质进行了广泛的研究,并做出了有价值的贡献。法国的MarthieuTillet经过实验证明小麦腥黑穗病是由一种“黑粉”传染所致,其后法国的确证这种病原物是一种真菌,成为第一个用事实证明植物病害直接原因的人,这也是病原学说的开端之一。
1845年和1846年,一种严重的马铃薯病害几乎毁灭了爱尔兰所有的马铃薯而造成了大饥荒,这一悲剧性事件把许多科学家的注意力集中到植物病害上来,给予植物病理研究以极大激励。当时对马铃薯的这种病害原因众说纷纭。德国医生兼真菌学家Anton de Ba-ry花了5年时间研究,到1861年完全证实是由一种疫病菌所致的马铃薯晚疫病,说明真菌是植物病害的原因。由此建立了植物病原说。他还提出黑粉病和霜霉病是真菌侵染的结果,锈菌有转主寄生现象,他被视为植物病理学之父是当之无愧的。
继LuisPasteur和RobertKoch(1876)发现动物炭疽病的病原是细菌,并由RobertKoch提出了著名的柯赫氏法则之后,(1877)在美国证明了梨和苹果的火疫病为细菌所致。美国从1895年起在植物细菌性病害的研究方面做出了杰出的贡献,在植物细菌病害方面写了100多篇论文,特别是在葫芦科、茄科、十字花科细菌性萎蔫病方面消除了人们对其病原的疑问。他首次研究了果树根癌病的解剖学及其发展,认为该病类似于人类和动物的肿瘤,被誉为植物细菌病害的奠基人。
植物病毒病害很早就受到人们的注意,但对病毒的认识是从19世纪末才开始的。德国人AdolfMayer(1886)发现烟草花叶病可由病叶的汁液传染,证明这种病害是一种传染性病害。俄国人(1892)进一步证明烟草花叶病病株汁液通过细菌过滤器后仍具有致病力。荷兰科学(1898)重复了试验,得到同样的结果,并且发现这种致病物质能在琼脂中扩散,认为这是一种“传染性活液”,后来称之为病毒。这才首次把植物病毒病同其他侵染性植物病害区别开。此后类似的病害不断发现,并且还发现了病害同媒介昆虫的关系。1935年美国的用硫酸铵沉淀法和醋酸铅脱色法提纯烟草花叶病毒,得到纯结晶,并证明它是一种蛋白质。1936年英国的和发现烟草花叶病毒中含有核酸(RNA)。1956年发现烟草花叶病毒除去蛋白质后,仅用核酸接种,也有侵染力,并表现出原有症状。等人(1968)证明花椰菜花叶病毒是DNA病毒,1972年发现了类病毒。
英国(1743)第一个报道小麦籽粒(虫瘿)内的植物寄生线虫。植物寄生线虫奠基人(1907)在美国农业部内建立第一个线虫学研究机构,并于1913—1932年系统地研究了植物寄生线虫,对线虫的分类学、形态学和方法学做出了很大的贡献。1916年,章祖纯发表了关于北京附近的小麦粒线虫和粟线虫的报告,我国其他学者对其他植物线虫病害也做了调查研究,其中朱风美1940年研制的小麦粒线虫虫瘿汰除机,汰除虫瘿率达99%以上。1967年,日本科学家土居养二发现几种由叶蝉传播、引起植物黄化病的植原体。可认真考虑,总结经验。随后有人提出了病害三角关系、病害四面体关系,认为任何一种因素的变动都将对植物病害产生一定的影响。20世纪70年代后,由于生态学的发展,植物病理学界也随之提出了植物病害系统的概念以及较为科学的病害综合防治策略,使植物病理学迈入成熟发展的阶段。20世纪80年代末以来,更多的是用生化技术、遗传工程和分子生物学的理论和方法研究植物病害发生的机制,阐明植物病害过程中寄主与病原物相互识别的分子基础,寄主、病原物与病程有关的基因结构、表达和调控机制。近年来以DNA重组技术为基础开展植物抗病基因工程,以及对植物病原物进行分子标记用于病原物的群体遗传学研究和病害流行学研究取得了惊人的进展。
我国植物病理学起步较晚,大约在1912年前后才开始有人从事植病工作。从20世纪50年代开始植病工作者大部分的注意力都倾注于主要经济作物病害。如小麦锈病、稻瘟病、棉花枯黄萎病、大白菜三大病害和苹果树腐烂病等。目前国际上已经开展的有关植物病理学的领域,在我国已经没有空白,经过广大植病工作者的努力,有些领域已经达到或超过世界先进水平。需要指出的是,植物病理学今后的发展任重而道远,需要多个学科的科学家协作和不断努力,才能为保障人类的食物来源、环境的优化和农业的可持续发展做出更大贡献。
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